Review for Strand 1 Test: Cellular Functions

The best way to study: Re-read your notes many times and practice drawing all diagrams, structures, reactions. The points below are only a guideline. You should study your notes thoroughly and then try to answer all these questions but this list cannot cover everything. Be familiar with the labs/assignments you have done.

Type of questions on test: multiple choice, written answers (definitions, explanations), drawing and labelling diagrams, molecular structures, reactions, etc.

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  1. List the parts of the compound light microscope and their functions.

  2. Microscope Calculations: total magnification, field of view, actual size. On the test, be sure to write the full equations, then solve the problem. Don't forget units.

  3. Be able to identify all the cell organelles in the animal and plant cell. What is the function of each organelle?

  4. Discuss the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. What is the major building block of the membrane? What are the different proteins and their functions?

  5. What do the terms hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic mean with respect to water and solute concentrations?

  6. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Discuss the net movement of water by osmosis and explain why the water moves as it does.

  7. Give 2 major differences between passive and active transport.

  8. What are the 3 models of passive transport discussed in class? Which method would each of the following substances use to enter a cell? a) ion b) oxygen c) glucose d) water

  9. Draw a fully labelled diagram of the sodium-potassium pump and explain its operation.

  10. Discuss the processes of bulk transport (endo/exocytosis).

  11. What are some factors affecting transport across the membrane?

  12. Be able to draw, label, and recognize all structures from the Nutrient Biochemistry sheets.

  13. What is the difference between mono/di/polysaccharides? Give examples.

  14. What kind of reaction is used to build carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids?

  15. List the building blocks for: a) glycogen b) cellulose c) proteins d) triglycerids e) phospholipids f) DNA.

  16. Which macronutrient is used for: a) primary energy source b) long-term energy storage c) genetic material d) cell membrane components e) sex hormones.

  17. Describe the positive nutrient tests for: a) monosaccharides b) polysaccharides c) proteins d) lipids.

  18. Write the equation for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

  19. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration? In which organisms does each occur?

  20. Name the 3 ordered processes of aerobic cellular respiration, state the location of each in the cell, and give the main products (including the # of ATP).

  21. Name the 2 types of anaerobic respiration (fermentations), state the location of each in the cell, and give the main products (including the # of ATP).

  22. Draw the structure for ATP. What does ATP stand for? Which process in aerobic cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

  23. If a molecule of maltose undergoes aerobic cellular respiration, how many total ATP are produced?

  24. How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration linked in a cycle?