Use the Nelson text, "Biology 11", pp. 41-42 to complete the blanks.
* PROTEINS *
Proteins are used by cells to build ____________________ and are used in chemical _________________. __________________ are proteins that control the _____________________ of many reactions, including the chemical reactions involved with processes such as ___________________ and cellular _________________. Unlike ______________________ and _______________, proteins are not primarily used for _________________. Proteins are however composed of ________________, __________________, and ___________________. However, proteins contain __________________ and sometimes ____________________.
Whenever cells are ________________ and require ____________________, proteins are made. Your cells also build proteins to build ___________________ for __________ cells.
Proteins are composed of __________ different ______________ _____________ building blocks. The ___________ and ________________ of amino acids determine the type of protein. the sequencing of amino acids is regulated by the _______________ located on the _____________________. the genes are patterns of _____________________ in DNA. This pattern is used to build _____________________ RNA (________) during a process called ______________________. The mRNA leaves the __________________ of the cell and attaches to _____________________ in the cytoplasm. There is another type of _________ in the cytoplasm called _______________________ RNA (_________). Each tRNA is attached (ie. carries) a specific _______________ ____________. The tRNA is brought into position to join with ___________ on the ribosome. As this takes place, each amino acid is brought into the correct position to build the ___________________. This process is called ______________________. A small protein may contain as few as _________ amino acids (_________________ has 51 amino acids), while some longer chains can have more than _________________ amino acids. A chain of more than 10 amino acids is referred to as a __________________________.
Draw Fig. 1 on pg. 41 which shows protein synthesis
Although the body can make many amino acids, ____________ amino acids cannot be synthesized. These are called _______________ amino acids and must be obtained from _______________. The lack of any one of them will lead to specific ___________________ deficiencies and disease.
(See pg. 42) Exposing a protein to _______________, ____________________, or a change in ______ will alter its shape. Physical or chemical factors that disrupt the _____________ between the amino acids changing the configuration (shape) of the protein are said to _____________________ the protein. The protein may ________________ or assume a new _______________. The result is a change in the protein's physical properties as well as its ______________________ activities.
Draw an Amino Acid and Protein (do this in class when teacher draws this)
3-D MOLECULES ACTIVITY: PROTEINS